EN BANC
[ G.R. No. 243522, February 19, 2019 ]REPRESENTATIVES EDCEL C. LAGMAN v. SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA +
REPRESENTATIVES EDCEL C. LAGMAN, TOMASITO S. VILLARIN, TEDDY BRAWNER BAGUILAT, JR., EDGAR R. ERICE, GARY C. ALEJANO, JOSE CHRISTOPHER Y. BELMONTE AND ARLENE "KAKA" J. BAG-AO, PETITIONERS, VS. HON. SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, HON. DELFIN N. LORENZANA, SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE AND MARTIAL LAW ADMINISTRATOR; GEN. BENJAMIN MADRIGAL, JR., CHIEF OF STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES AND MARTIAL LAW IMPLEMENTOR; AND HON. BENJAMIN E. DIOKNO, SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT; AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES AS COMPONENT HOUSES OF THE CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPECTIVELY REPRESENTED BY HON. SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO AND HON. SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III, RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243677]
BAYAN MUNA PARTYLIST REPRESENTATIVE CARLOS ISAGANI T. ZARATE, GABRIELA WOMEN'S PARTY REPRESENTATIVES, EMERENCIANA A. DE JESUS, AND ARLENE D. BROSAS, ANAKPAWIS REPRESENTATIVE ARIEL B. CASILAO, ACT TEACHERS REPRESENTATIVES ANTONIO L. TINO AND FRANCE L. CASTRO, AND KABATAAN PARTYLIST REPRESENTATIVE SARAH JANE I. ELAGO, PETITIONERS, VS. PRESIDENT RODRIGO DUTERTE, CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III AND HOUSE SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY SALVADOR MEDIALDEA, DEFENSE SECRETARY DELFIN LORENZANA, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES CHIEFOF-STAFF LIEUTENANT GENERAL BENJAMIN MADRIGAL, JR., PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OSCAR DAVID ALBAYALDE, RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243745]
CHRISTIAN S. MONSOD, RAY PAOLO J. SANTIAGO, NOLASCO RITZ LEE B. SANTOS III, MARIE HAZEL E. LAVITORIA, DOMINIC AMON R. LADEZA, AND XAMANTHA XOFIA A. SANTOS, PETITIONERS, VS. SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES (REPRESENTED BY SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (REPRESENTED BY GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO), EXECUTIVE SECRETARY SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA, DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE (DND) SECRETARY DELFIN N. LORENZANA, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG) SECRETARY EDUARDO M. AÑO, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES (AFP) CHIEF OF STAFF GENERAL BENJAMIN R. MADRIGAL, JR., PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) DIRECTOR GENERAL OSCAR D. ALBAYALDE, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER HERMOGENES C. ESPERON, JR., RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243797]
RIUS VALLE, JHOSA MAE PALOMO, JEANY ROSE HAYAHAY AND RORELYN MANDACAWAN, PETITIONERS, VS. THE SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES REPRESENTED BY THE SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, REPRESENTED BY THE HOUSE SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, THE CHIEF OF STAFF, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES, THE DIRECTOR GENERAL, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, AND ALL PERSONS ACTING UNDER THEIR CONTROL, DIRECTION, INSTRUCTION, AND/OR SUPERVISION, RESPONDENTS.
DECISION
REPRESENTATIVES EDCEL C. LAGMAN v. SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA +
REPRESENTATIVES EDCEL C. LAGMAN, TOMASITO S. VILLARIN, TEDDY BRAWNER BAGUILAT, JR., EDGAR R. ERICE, GARY C. ALEJANO, JOSE CHRISTOPHER Y. BELMONTE AND ARLENE "KAKA" J. BAG-AO, PETITIONERS, VS. HON. SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, HON. DELFIN N. LORENZANA, SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE AND MARTIAL LAW ADMINISTRATOR; GEN. BENJAMIN MADRIGAL, JR., CHIEF OF STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES AND MARTIAL LAW IMPLEMENTOR; AND HON. BENJAMIN E. DIOKNO, SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT; AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES AS COMPONENT HOUSES OF THE CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPECTIVELY REPRESENTED BY HON. SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO AND HON. SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III, RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243677]
BAYAN MUNA PARTYLIST REPRESENTATIVE CARLOS ISAGANI T. ZARATE, GABRIELA WOMEN'S PARTY REPRESENTATIVES, EMERENCIANA A. DE JESUS, AND ARLENE D. BROSAS, ANAKPAWIS REPRESENTATIVE ARIEL B. CASILAO, ACT TEACHERS REPRESENTATIVES ANTONIO L. TINO AND FRANCE L. CASTRO, AND KABATAAN PARTYLIST REPRESENTATIVE SARAH JANE I. ELAGO, PETITIONERS, VS. PRESIDENT RODRIGO DUTERTE, CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III AND HOUSE SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY SALVADOR MEDIALDEA, DEFENSE SECRETARY DELFIN LORENZANA, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES CHIEFOF-STAFF LIEUTENANT GENERAL BENJAMIN MADRIGAL, JR., PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OSCAR DAVID ALBAYALDE, RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243745]
CHRISTIAN S. MONSOD, RAY PAOLO J. SANTIAGO, NOLASCO RITZ LEE B. SANTOS III, MARIE HAZEL E. LAVITORIA, DOMINIC AMON R. LADEZA, AND XAMANTHA XOFIA A. SANTOS, PETITIONERS, VS. SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES (REPRESENTED BY SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (REPRESENTED BY GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO), EXECUTIVE SECRETARY SALVADOR C. MEDIALDEA, DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE (DND) SECRETARY DELFIN N. LORENZANA, DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG) SECRETARY EDUARDO M. AÑO, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES (AFP) CHIEF OF STAFF GENERAL BENJAMIN R. MADRIGAL, JR., PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) DIRECTOR GENERAL OSCAR D. ALBAYALDE, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER HERMOGENES C. ESPERON, JR., RESPONDENTS.
[G.R. No. 243797]
RIUS VALLE, JHOSA MAE PALOMO, JEANY ROSE HAYAHAY AND RORELYN MANDACAWAN, PETITIONERS, VS. THE SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES REPRESENTED BY THE SENATE PRESIDENT VICENTE C. SOTTO III, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, REPRESENTED BY THE HOUSE SPEAKER GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, THE CHIEF OF STAFF, ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES, THE DIRECTOR GENERAL, PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE, AND ALL PERSONS ACTING UNDER THEIR CONTROL, DIRECTION, INSTRUCTION, AND/OR SUPERVISION, RESPONDENTS.
DECISION
CARANDANG, J.: