WHEREAS, the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) issues passports containing the passport holder's photograph and biographic data, pursuant to the Philippine Passport Act of 1996 (RA No. 8239), which provides that a passport is an official document that is superior to all other documents.

WHEREAS, the Land Transportation Office (LTO) issues driver's licenses containing the license holder's photograph and biographic data, and the Social Security System (SSS) issues identity cards containing the member's photograph and biographic data;

WHEREAS, the use of passports, driver's licenses and identity cards issued by the above government agencies should be promoted and said identity documents should be used to prevent violations of the following laws involving false names and identities:

1. The Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2002 (Republic Act [RA] No. 9160, as amended), which requires banks and other covered institutions to establish and record the true identity of their clients based on official documents;
   
   
2. The Revised Penal Code (Act No. 3815, as amended) which penalizes the public use of a fictitious name for the purpose of concealing a crime, evading the execution of a judgment, or causing damage (1st paragraph, Art. 178), the concealment of a person's true name and other personal circumstances (2nd paragraph, Art. 178), and the act of defrauding another by using a fictitious name (4th paragraph, Art. 315);
   
   
3. The Civil Code of the Philippines (RA No. 386, as amended), which prohibits the use of different names and surnames, except for pen and stage names (Arts. 379 and 380);
   
   
4. The Philippine Immigration Act of 1940 (Commonwealth Act No. 613, as amended), which penalizes any individual who shall evade the immigration laws by appearing under an assumed or fictitious name (Sec. 45);
   
   
5. The Tax Reform Act of 1997 (RA No. 8424), as amended, which made it unlawful for any person to enter any false or fictitious name in taxpayer's books of accounts or records;
   
   
6. Presidential Decree No. 1829, which penalizes any individual who shall knowingly or willfully obstruct, impede, frustrate or delay the apprehension of suspects and the investigation and prosecution of criminal cases by publicly using a fictitious name for the purpose of concealing a crime, evading prosecution or the execution of a judgment, or concealing his true name and other personal circumstances for the same purpose (Sec. 1[d]); and
   
   
7. Commonwealth Act No. 142, as amended by RA No. 6085, which penalizes any person who shall use any name different from the one with which he was registered at birth in the office of the local civil registry, or with which he was baptized for the first time, or with which he was registered in the Bureau of Immigration, or such substitute name as may have been authorized by a competent court (Sec. 1);

NOW, THEREFORE, I, GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by law, do hereby order all government departments and agencies to require, for transactions requiring the production of identity documents, Filipino citizens and residents aliens to present any of the following:

1. Valid passport issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA);
   
2. Valid driver's license issued by the Land Transportation Office (LTO);
   
3. Valid member's identity card issued by the Social Security System (SSS); and
   
4. Valid "non-driver's identity document (ID)" issued by LTO.

Filipino citizens and resident aliens who do not possess any of the identity documents enumerated in paragraphs (1) through (3) may apply with LTO for the issuance of a "non-driver's identity document (ID)."

All executive orders or issuances, or portions thereof, which are inconsistent with this Executive Order are hereby revoked, amended or modified accordingly.

Adopted: 02 Apr. 2004


By the President:

(SGD.) ALBERTO G. ROMULO
Executive Secretary